Fortu Tech specialises in the production of alloy materials for 3D printing. Depending on the additive manufacturing process used, the raw materials can be classified as pre-alloying powder (usually produced by gas atomization), wire, sheet or solid bar. Different alloy materials are used according to different application fields and applications, such as niobium alloy, titanium alloy, tantalum alloy, nickel alloy and pure metal.
Additive Manufacturing (AM), commonly known as 3D printing, combines computer-aided design, material processing and molding techniques. AM is based on digital model files. It is a manufacturing technology that produces solid objects by layer-by-layer accumulation of special metal materials, non-metal materials and medical biological adhesive materials in accordance with extrusion, sintering, melting, photocuring, spraying and other methods.
The advantages of 3D printing technology application in aerospace can be reflected in the shortening of production and development cycle and the reduction of production costs. 3D printing not only optimizes the structure of parts but also improves the quality of parts. 3D printing technology can avoid the traditional parts manufacturing, mold manufacturing and parts rapid prototyping. Therefore, it can effectively shorten the production cycle.
In addition to its applications in aerospace, 3D printing is also promising in cutting-edge fields such as precision electronics, wearable devices, medical engineering and even quantum science. The processing area of 3D printing technology can go deep into the interior of parts, and it has the ability to accurately control the accumulated materials at various points, lines and surfaces inside parts, so it has the manufacturing potential of multi-material functional parts. Using laser beam, electron beam, plasma or ion beam as a heat source, heating materials to combine and directly manufacture parts is called high energy beam rapid manufacturing. This is an important branch of additive manufacturing. This is most commonly used in industry.
Refractory metal niobium has the characteristics of high melting point, low density. The highest specific strength of it is in the range of 1093 ~ 1427℃. And it is good plasticity and workability at low temperature -200℃. In addition, it is the most easy to add components to form alloy, so it is the most preferred structural material and thermal protection material in aerospace. Niobium alloys include Nb-C103, Nb752, FS85, Nb1Zr alloys, Nb10Zr alloys and so on.
Titanium alloy has been widely used in the aerospace field because of its excellent corrosion and temperature resistance characteristics and excellent specific strength. It has been concerned in the field of additive manufacturing as well.
Specifically, Ti-6Al-4V is a common alloy for landing gear, bearing racks, rotating parts, compressor discs and blades, cryogenic propellant tanks, and many other aerospace components. Ti6242 can be used in compressor blades and rotating machinery parts. TiAl alloy can be used in turbine blades.
| Mechanical property of Nb521 | |||
| Temperature | Rm | Rp0.2 | A |
| Room Temperature | ≥400MPa | ≥270MPa | ≥20% |
| 1600℃ | ≥70MPa | ≥60MPa | ≥25% |
| 1800℃ | ≥45MPa | ≥35MPa | ≥30% |
| Mechanical property of Nb522 | |||
| Temperature | Rm | Rp0.2 | A |
| Room Temperature | ≥450MPa | ≥310MPa | ≥40% |
| 1650℃ | ≥60MPa | / | / |
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Tantalum-niobium alloy is the most balanced material among refractory metals. It is widely used in various kinds of high temperature heat conduction devices.
Tantalum niobium alloy powder between Ta40Nb60 and Ta80Nb20 is used to prepare the parts suitable for the field of heat conduction, and the operating temperature is above 1500℃. With further optimized tantalum niobium alloy with alloy composition between Ta55Nb45 and Ta65N35, the thermal conductivity power can reach more than 15kW at 1500℃ through structural optimization of thermal conductivity parts.
Dental implants can be 3D printed with tantalum-niobium alloy. 3D integrated molding design can realize rapid production. It not only has excellent mechanical properties but also integrates the abutment part with the implant part organically. Excellent mechanical properties to avoid the abutment and implant joint fracture and slippage.
Remanufacturing refers to the technical process of remanufacturing and repairing damaged or scrapped parts by using a series of relevant advanced manufacturing technologies on the basis of performance failure analysis, life assessment and other analysis, so that the quality of remanufactured products can reach or exceed that of new products. The selection of additive remanufacturing materials should not only consider the mechanical properties of the alloy, but also consider the additive forming process and its matching with the matrix of the metal parts to be remanufactured.
The metal materials used in additive remanufacturing are mainly divided into wire, powder (powder material) and paste, rod and foil (sheet) like materials. Among them, silk and powder are the most widely used materials.
The metal materials used in additive remanufacturing can be divided into wear-resistant materials, corrosion-resistant materials, heat-resistant materials, impact-resistant materials and high-strength materials according to their performance characteristics.
Among many niob-based alloys, niobium hafnium alloy C103(Nb-10Hf-1Ti-0.7Zr) stands out because of its excellent comprehensive properties. Niobium hafnium alloy belongs to the low strength series niobium alloy. This alloy is highly machined, easy to weld, and can be machined into various shapes. But under high temperature environment, oxidation resistance of niobium hafnium alloy is poor, so there must be protective measures when using it. If adding protective coating on it, the using temperature can reach 1400 ~ 1500℃. It is the preferred material for liquid rocket engine nozzles.
Tantalum tungsten alloy, as an important structural and functional material, is widely used in aerospace structural parts, vacuum furnace components and high energy accelerator targets. The maximum bending strength of Ta-W alloy at room temperature is 560MPa. The maximum hardness of Ta-W alloy is 359HV.
High performance Ta-W-WB2 material is the new tantalum tungsten alloy.
Research on weight reduction is always the key to aerospace structural parts. The appearance of low density niobium - based alloys just solves this need.
Niobium alloy is a promising high-temperature structural material because of its relatively low density, excellent strength, good corrosion resistance, low tough-brittle transition temperature, and good ductility at room temperature.
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